Chemistry forms the basis of numerous scientific disciplines and offers a great understanding for the students of the ICSE board, Chemistry is an important subject in the Science stream, mainly for students aiming for careers in medicine, engineering, and research. The ISC Chemistry Syllabus 2025 has been designed to provide students with a deep understanding of chemical principles and applications. Here you will explore the ISC Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25, highlights of the essential topics, the structure of the syllabus, and some crucial tips for effective preparation. 

Overview of the ISC Chemistry Syllabus 2025 

The ISC Syllabus Class 12 Chemistry is comprehensive, covering both theoretical and practical aspects to ensure a balanced and thorough understanding of the subject. It is designed to develop critical thinking, and problem-solving skills while providing a great basis for higher education and competitive exams. 

ISC Chemistry Syllabus 2025: Theoretical Syllabus 

The theoretical syllabus is divided into various units, each focusing on different aspects of Chemistry. Here is a detailed look at the units covered:

1. Solid State

• Classification Of solids: Difference between Crystalline and amorphous solids, unit cells, and crystal lattices, Conductors, semiconductors, and insulators. 
• Packing in Solids: Calculation of density, types of voids, and the number of atoms per unit cell.
• Imperfection in Solids: Point defects and their implications on the Physical properties of materials. 

2. Solutions

• Concentration Measures: Solubility, Molarity, Molality, and mole fraction. 
• Raoult’s Law: Ideal and non-ideal solutions and colligative properties. 
• Abnormal Molecular Masses: Explanation using Van’t Hoff Factor, Boyle’s Law, Avogadro’s Law, and Charles Law,  colligative properties, Relative lowering of vapour pressure, depression in freezing point, osmotic principles.

3. Electrochemistry

• Electrochemical Cells: Construction and working of galvanic and electrolytic cells, standard electrode potential. 
• Nernst Equation: Its application in calculating cell potential.
• Conductance: Factors affecting electrolytic conductance, Kohlrausch’s Law. 

4. Chemical Kinetics

• Reaction Rates: Factors influencing reaction rates and calculations using rate laws.
• Collison Theory: Activation Energy, and the Arrhenius equation. 

5. Surface Chemistry

• Adsorption: Adsorption includes its mechanism, types, and applications.
• Catalysis: Types and mechanisms of Catalysis, enzyme action. 
• Colloids: Properties, preparation, and applications. 

6. General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements

• Extraction Principles: Thermodynamic and electrochemical principles, Ellingham Diagrams
• Refining Techniques:  Methods such as electrolytic refining and zone refining.
• Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy: Gibbs energy, the metallurgy of aluminium, copper, iron, zinc, and silver. 

7. p- Block Elements

• Group 15-18 Elements: Position in the periodic table, Physical and chemical properties, important compounds, Electronic configuration, oxidation states, compounds of nitrogen, Ammonia, and nitric acid, Compounds of phosphorus, their preparation and properties, Interhalogen compounds: Structure, Hybridisation, and shapes. 
• Industrial Application: Uses of various p-block elements in industry, Uses of Noble gases, chlorine, etc.

8. D- and f- Block Elements

• Transition metals: Position in the periodic table, occurrence, and electronic Configuration and characteristics of Transition metals, General properties, and Complex formation. 
• Lanthanides and Actinides: Properties, Uses, and their importance, Potassium permanganate and potassium dichromate, their structure, shape and equation of extraction from their respective ores. 

9. Coordination Compounds

• Bonding Theories: Werner’s Theory, Valence Bond Theory (VBT), and Crystal field theory (CFT) along with the concept of complexes, definitions of ligands, Coordination Number, and Oxidation Number.
• Isomerism: Structural and Stereoisomerism in Coordination Compounds. 

10. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

• Preparation and Properties: General Formula, Nomenclature, methods of preparation, chemical reaction, preparation of haloalkanes from alkane and halogen, alkene and hydrogen halide. 
• Environmental Impact: Uses and Effects of halogenated compounds

11. Alcohols, Phenols and ethers

• Classification of Properties: Physical and chemical properties, methods of preparation from Grignard’s reagent, alkyl halides, manufacture of methanol by Bosch  Process and ethanol by fermentation of carbohydrates, Kolbe’s Reaction.
• Williamson’s synthesis and electrophilic Substitution (Halogenation, Nitration, and Friedel Craft Reaction) 

12. Aldehydes, Ketones, and carboxylic acids

• Nomenclature and Reactions: Preparation methods of Aldehydes and ketones, reactivity, physical and chemical properties, Nucleophilic Addition, and important reactions.
• Practical Applications: Uses in pharmaceuticals and organic synthesis, the difference between formaldehyde and acetaldehyde.  

13. Organic  Compounds Containing Nitrogen

• Amines and derivatives: Physical and Chemical Properties, General Formula, Classification of amines, Structure of amino group, methods of preparation and reactions.
• Diazonium Salts: Preparation and Synthetic Applications, Sandmeyer’s Reaction, Gattermann Reaction, Balz Scheimann Reaction, and replacement of diazo group. 

14. Biomolecules

• Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids: Definition, Structure, Classifications of carbohydrates ( Monosaccharides, Oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides), Classification of Proteins, Zwiter ions, and Classification and function of Vitamins.
• Enzymes:  Mechanisms and importance in biological systems. 

15. Polymers

• Types and Synthesis: Definition and Classification, Addition and Condensation Polymerisation, copolymerisation, and some important polymers: natural and synthetic, Preparation of Polythene, Polyprene, PVC, Rubber, polyester, etc.
• Applications: Uses of different types of Polymers in daily life and Industry.

16. Chemistry in Everyday Life  

• Drugs and Medicines: Chemicals in medicines, Chemicals in Food, Soap and detergents, Classification and their cleansing action, Types, functions, and side effects. 
• Cleansing Agents: Mechanisms and types of Soaps and detergents. 

ISC Chemistry Syllabus 2025:  Practical Syllabus 

Practical knowledge is an important part of the Chemistry Class 12 Syllabus ISC, Having a good understanding of the procedure of experiments will also help you in clarity of theoretical concepts. The Practical syllabus includes: 

• Quantitative Analysis: Conducting Titrations, and calculating concentrations. 
• Qualitative Analysis: Identification of anions and cations in given samples.
• Synthesis of Compounds: Preparing Chemical Compounds in the laboratory.
• Test for Acids such as formic acid, benzoic acid, etc. 

Effective Study Tips to Score High Using ISC Chemistry Syllabus 2025

Adopting effective strategies is necessary to excel in Chemistry Syllabus  ISC Class 12. Here are some unique tips: 

• Use diagrams, and models to understand and memorize complex concepts.
• Regularly test yourself on key concepts and equations to improve memory and retain information. 
• Use Teach back method, and explain topics to friends or family members to revise your learnings.
• Use online resources, and video lectures to Clear complex concepts. 
• Include Short breaks during study sessions to avoid burnout and maintain focus. 
• Regularly Solve ISC Specimen papers and previous year's question papers to familiarize yourself with the 2025 exam pattern, this will help you reduce anxiety and maintain confidence. 

The exam Syllabus is aligned with the ISC revised exam pattern for increasing 25% analytical questions. By using these resources and maintaining a disciplined study routine. Download the ISC Class 12 Chemistry syllabus from the given links or the official website and go through it before starting the preparation.